A blockage or abnormality in the fallopian tubes can interfere with the fertilization of the egg and sperm, resulting in tubal factor infertility. Healthy fallopian tubes play an important role in natural conception, as fertilization typically takes place within the fallopian tube. After fertilization, the developing embryo travels through the tube toward the uterus, where implantation may occur in the endometrial lining.

Abnormalities such as tubal blockage, adhesions, or structural damage can affect this process and may contribute to infertility. Depending on the condition of the fallopian tubes and individual fertility factors, IVF may be considered as a treatment option because it allows fertilization to occur outside the body.