Certain infections can affect sperm production, sperm quality, or the reproductive tract, potentially contributing to male infertility. These may include inflammation of the epididymis (epididymitis), inflammation of the testicles (orchitis), and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as gonorrhea and chlamydia. Other infections, including syphilis, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C, may also have implications for reproductive health.
Many infections can be managed with appropriate medical treatment. However, some may cause lasting damage to reproductive tissues or affect sperm count and motility. Depending on the underlying condition, semen analysis results, and individual fertility evaluation, assisted reproductive treatments such as IUI or IVF with ICSI may be considered in selected cases.
